Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Neurodevelopment disorders are types of disorders that influence how the brain functions and alter neurological development causing difficulties in social, cognitive, and emotional functioning. Neurodevelopment disorders usually onset during the developmental stages, however can go unnoticed for a very long time. Functioning difficulties include an inability to regulate emotions effectively, difficulties making friends, understanding conversation flow or understanding repercussions to actions.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong developmental disorder that affects how people function and interact with the world around them. The brain does not develop in the same way as a typical person and it presents differently in different sexes. It is important to remember that ASD is not a mental illness or an intellectual disability, but some people with ASD may experience these psychosocial factors. Functional limitations with ASD might include challenges with socialising through understanding communication, executive functioning and emotional regulation.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by inattention and excessive activity or energy. Symptoms of ADHD can include impulsivity, excessive energy that doesn't reflect the environment, inattention, difficulty sitting still and restlessness. ADHD is a life long disability that can impact a persons ability to engage with others, learn within traditional settings or attending to mundane tasks.
Intellectual Disability
Intellectual disability refers to a disorder that affects functioning within two areas, including cognitive functioning and adaptive functioning. Cognitive functioning involves learning, problem solving and judgement with adaptive functioning involving activities of daily life such as communication skills and social participation. Limitations to occupational engagement involve reduced capabilities to maintain information and transfer information across different situations.